Notations used in the suffix glossary

This compendium of suffixes includes inflection suffixes, possessive suffixes, word-like suffixes, and derivational suffixes. The following notations are used:

• A denotes a or ä, depending on vowel harmony
• O denotes o or ö, depending on vowel harmony
• U denotes u or y, depending on vowel harmony
• ^x (superscript x) indicates boundary gemination (not indicated in normal writing)
• the bullets “•” separate an example from the short general explanation before it and comments after it
• the semicolon “:” separates inflected forms of a word
• a suffix written here with a hyphen “-” after it appears only inside a word, i.e. before another suffix
• the arrow “→” indicates that the word after it is derived from the word before it; e.g. kipu → kipeä means that kipeä is derived from kipu
• the vertical line “|” is in some contexts used to separate a word from a suffix for clarity (not used in normal writing)
• a form in parentheses and ending with a hyphen “-” indicates the inflection stem of the word; e.g., juoda (juo-) means that the stem is juo, as in the forms juon, juotte etc.
• in the comments, the ellipsis “…” refers to the base word of a derivation

When looking up a suffix, note that the list is in alphabetic order but

• it is in “backwards” order, as in reverse dictionaries, i.e. primarily according to the last letter, secondarily according to the second last letter, etc.
• verb suffixes appear primarily in their inflection stem form, e.g. -Oi-, not in an infinitive form like -OidA as in many other contexts
• the front vowels y, ä, ö appear as U, A, O
• although some variation in the suffix by context (allomorphic variation) is shown and different forms appear as separate entries, this presentation does not show all the forms that are caused by omission or alteration of a final vowel before another suffix, as in kana → kana|la : kana|lo|i|ssa