|
Abbr. |
Expanded |
Meaning |
Notes |
|
aik. |
aikaisempi; aikaisemmin; aikuinen |
earlier; adult |
|
|
alk. |
alkaen; alkujaan |
from (price); originally |
Common in ads. |
|
alv ∼ ALV |
arvonlisävero |
value-added tax |
Usually read by letters. Colloquially as word: alvi. |
|
ao. |
asianomainen |
the (referred) |
Sometimes read by letters. |
|
ap. |
aamupäivällä; autopaikka; alemman palkkausluokan |
AM; car parking place; of lower salary class |
|
|
apul. |
apulainen, apulais- |
assisting |
|
|
ark. |
arkisin; arkisto |
on weekdays; archive |
|
|
art. |
artikla; artikkeli |
article |
|
|
as. |
asunto; asukas; asema |
apartment; inhabitant; station |
|
|
ASP |
asuntosäästöpalkkio |
apartment savings reward |
|
|
aspa |
asiakaspalvelu |
customer service |
Informal. |
|
atk ∼ ATK |
automaattinen tietojenkäsittely |
automatic data processing |
Somewhat dated. Read by letters. |
|
av ∼AV |
audiovisuaalinen |
audiovisual |
Usually read by letters. |
|
avi |
aluehallintovirasto |
Regional State Administrative Agency. |
In Finland. Often read as avi. |
|
ay |
ammattiyhdistys; avoin yhtiö; ayrshire |
labor union; general partnership; ayrshire (cow) |
Often read by letters. |
|
bilj. |
biljoona(a) |
trillion(s) (US) |
A million millions. |
|
BKT ∼ bkt |
bruttokansantuote |
gross national income |
Often read by letters. |
|
dipl. |
diplomi |
diploma |
|
|
e |
euro(a) |
euro(s) |
|
|
eaa. |
ennen ajanlaskun alkua |
Before Common Era |
|
|
ed. |
edellinen; edellä; edustaja |
previous; previously; representative |
|
|
eKr. |
ennen Kristusta |
Before Christ |
|
|
ely |
elinkeino-, liikenne- ja ympäristö- |
business, traffic, and environmen |
In Finland. In the compound ely-keskus (Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment an administrative unit). Usually read as ely. |
|
em. |
edellä mainittu |
the mentioned |
Sometimes read by letters. |
|
emt. |
edellä mainittu teos |
op. cit. |
Previously mentioned work. |
|
ent. |
entinen |
former |
|
|
esim. |
esimerkiksi |
for example |
Sometimes pronounced esim (in informal speech). |
|
EU |
Euroopan unioni |
European Union |
Usually read by letters. |
|
h |
tunti; henkeä; huone |
hour; person(s); room(s) |
|
|
hetu |
henkilötunnus |
personal id |
Usually pronounced hetu. |
|
hevi |
hedelmä ja vihannes |
fruits and vegetables |
Usually pronounced hevi. |
|
hlö |
henkilö |
person |
|
|
HO |
hovioikeus |
Court of Appeal |
In Finland. |
|
huom. |
huomautus; huomaa |
remark; note! |
Sometimes pronounced huom. |
|
hv |
hevosvoima |
horsepower |
|
|
ilm. |
ilmestynyt; ilmoitus |
published; announcement |
|
|
ins. |
insinööri |
engineer |
|
|
ip. |
iltapäivällä |
PM |
Rare, since 24 h clock used. |
|
IT ∼ it |
informaatiotekniikka |
information technology |
|
|
jaa. |
jälkeen ajanlaskun alun |
Common Era |
|
|
jKr. |
jälkeen Kristuksen |
Anno Domini |
|
|
jne. |
ja niin edelleen |
and so on |
Sometimes read by letters. |
|
joht. |
johtaja |
director, manager |
|
|
k. |
kuoli, kuollut; katu |
died; street |
|
|
kand. |
kandidaatti |
bachelor |
Degree. Earlier also master’s degree. |
|
kd. |
kristillisdemokraatti |
member of Suomen Kristillisdemokraatit |
When indicating affiliations to political parties. In historical texts “kd.” may mean “kansandemokraatti”, member of a left-wing party. |
|
ke |
keskiviikko(na) |
(on) Wednesday |
|
|
kesk. |
keskustalainen |
member of Suomen Keskusta (the Center Party) |
When indicating affiliations to political parties. |
|
kirj. |
kirjoittanut; kirjataan |
written by; registered |
|
|
kk |
kuukausi, kuukautta |
month(s) |
As a unit of time. |
|
kko |
kirkko |
church |
In maps and signs. |
|
KKO |
korkein oikeus |
Supreme Court |
In Finland. |
|
kkp |
kahvikupillinen, kahvikupillista |
coffee-cupful(s) |
1.5 dL. |
|
klo |
kello |
o’clock |
|
|
ko. |
kyseessä oleva |
the (discussed) |
Sometimes read by letters. |
|
KO |
käräjäoikeus |
District Court |
In Finland. Former kihlakunnanoikeus. |
|
kok. |
kokoomuslainen |
member of Kansallinen Kokoomus (a conservative party) |
When indicating affiliations to political parties. |
|
kpl |
kappale(tta) |
piece(s) |
As a unit. |
|
kpl. |
kappale(tta) |
paragraph |
|
|
kr |
kruunua(a) |
crown(s) |
Currency unit. |
|
krs |
kerros; krossi(a) |
floor; gross (144 pieces) |
1. krs = ground floor. |
|
ks. |
katso |
see |
|
|
käänt. |
kääntänyt; kääntäjä |
translated; translator |
|
|
l ∼ L |
litra(a) |
liter(s) |
International identifier. |
|
l. |
eli |
or, in other words |
|
|
la |
lauantai(na) |
(on) Saturday |
|
|
lis. |
lisensiaatti |
licentiate |
Acad. degree between master and doctor. |
|
lk. |
luokka |
class |
|
|
lkm. |
lukumäärä |
number, amount |
|
|
luki |
luku- ja kirjoitus- |
reading and writing |
Usually read as luki. In lukihäiriö (dyslexia). |
|
lyh. |
lyhenne, lyhennettynä |
abbreviation, abbreviated |
|
|
läh. |
lähettäjä; lähemmin |
sender; more closely |
|
|
ma |
maanantai(na) |
(on) Monday |
|
|
ma. |
määräaikainen |
fixed-period |
|
|
mahd. |
mahdollinen, mahdollisesti |
possible, possibly |
|
|
maist. |
maisteri |
master |
Academic degree. |
|
miel. |
mieluummin, mieluiten |
preferably |
|
|
milj. |
miljoona(a) |
million(s) |
|
|
ml ∼ mL |
millilitra |
milliliter |
International indentifier. |
|
ml. |
mukaan lukien |
including |
|
|
mm |
millimetri(ä) |
millimeter(s) |
International indentifier. |
|
mm. |
muun muassa |
among other things |
|
|
mrd. |
miljardi(a) |
billion(s) (US) |
A thousand millions. |
|
mt. |
mainittu teos |
op. cit. |
Previously mentioned work. |
|
myöh. |
myöhempi, myöhemmin |
later |
|
|
n. |
noin; netto |
about, approximately; net (amount) |
|
|
nimim. |
nimimerkki |
pseudonym |
|
|
nk. |
niin kutsuttu |
so called |
|
|
nro ∼ n:ro |
numero |
number |
|
|
ns. |
niin sanottu |
so called |
Sometimes read by letters. |
|
nyk. |
nykyinen; nykyään |
present; now |
|
|
oh. |
ohjehinta |
suggested retail price |
|
|
oik. |
oikea(lla); oikeastaan |
(on the) right; actually |
|
|
op. |
opettaja; opisto; osuuspankki |
teacher; educational institution; cooperative bank |
|
|
opisk. |
opiskelija |
student |
|
|
os. |
osoite; osasto |
address; department |
|
|
o.s. |
omaa sukua |
born |
Maiden name. |
|
ovh. ∼ ovh |
ohjevähittäishinta |
suggested retail price |
Often read by letters. |
|
oy ∼ oy. |
osakeyhtiö |
incorporated company |
Usually read by letters. |
|
oyj ∼ oyj. |
julkinen osakeyhtiö |
public incorporated company |
Usually read by letters. |
|
p. |
puhelin; painos; päivä(ä); piste(ttä) |
telephone; printing; day(s); point(s) |
|
|
par. |
paremmin |
better, preferably |
|
|
pe |
perjantai(na) |
(on) Friday |
|
|
per. |
perustettu, perustanut |
established (by) |
|
|
pj. |
puheenjohtaja |
chairman, president |
|
|
pkt |
paketti(a) |
package(s) |
As a unit. |
|
pl |
pullo(a) |
bottle(s) |
As a unit. |
|
PL |
postilokero |
P.O. Box |
|
|
po. |
puheena oleva; pitää olla |
the (discussed); shall be (read as) |
|
|
prk |
purkki(a) |
can(s) |
As a unit. |
|
prof. |
professori |
professor |
University professor. |
|
pros. |
prosentti(a) |
per cent |
|
|
ps |
pussi(a) |
bag(s) |
As a unit. |
|
ps. |
perussuomalainen |
member of Perussuomalaiset (a populistic party) |
When indicating affiliations to political parties. |
|
psta |
puolesta |
on behalf of |
|
|
ptk. |
pöytäkirja |
minutes (of a meeting) |
|
|
puh. |
puhelin |
telephone |
|
|
puh.joht. |
puheenjohtaja |
chairman, president |
|
|
pv |
päivä(ä) |
day(s) |
As unit of time. |
|
pvm. |
päivämäärä; paikallisverkkomaksu |
date; local network charge |
|
|
r. |
ruotsalainen |
member of Ruotsalainen kansanpuolue (Swedisg People’s Party) |
When indicating affiliations to political parties. |
|
rak. |
rakennettu, rakentanut |
built (by) |
|
|
rek. |
rekisteröity; rekisteri |
registered; register |
|
|
rkl |
ruokalusikallinen |
spoonful |
15 ml. |
|
rpl |
rupla(a) |
ruble(s) |
|
|
ry ∼ ry. |
rekisteröity yhdistys |
registered association |
Usually read by letters. |
|
s |
sekunti(a) |
second(s) |
|
|
s. |
sivu; syntynyt |
page; born |
|
|
s:a |
sama |
the same |
|
|
sd. |
sosiaalidemokraatti |
member of Suomen Sosialidemokraattinen Puolue |
When indicating affiliations to political parties. |
|
sh. |
suositushinta |
suggested retail price |
|
|
siht. |
sihteeri |
secretary |
|
|
sit. |
sitoutumaton |
independent |
As a political concept. |
|
snt |
sentti |
(euro)cent |
0.01 €. |
|
s.o. |
se on |
that is, i.e. |
|
|
some |
sosiaalinen media |
social media |
Usually read as some. |
|
sote |
sosiaali- ja terveydenhuolto- |
social welfare and health care |
Usually read as sote. In soteuudistus. |
|
sotu |
sosiaaliturvatunnus |
personal ID |
Still used, but hetu is now the correct term. |
|
su |
sunnuntai(na) |
(on) Sunday |
|
|
suht. |
suhteellisen |
relatively |
Colloquially as a shortened word. |
|
suom. |
suomeksi; suomentanut; suomalainen |
in Finnish; translated into Finnish; Finnish |
|
|
svh. |
suositettu vähittäishinta |
suggested retail price |
|
|
synt. |
syntynyt; syntyään |
born; by birth |
|
|
t |
tonni; tunti |
(metric) ton; hour |
|
|
t. |
tai; tuhat(ta) |
or; thousand(s) |
|
|
tark. |
tarkastettu; tarkastanut; tarkastaja |
inspected (by); inspector |
|
|
tekn. |
tekniikan, tekninen; teknikko |
technical, technological; technician |
|
|
ti |
tiistai(na) |
(on) Tuesday |
|
|
til. |
tilattu; tilaus; tilavuus |
ordered; order; volume |
|
|
tj. ∼ TJ |
toimitusjohtaja |
CEO |
Sometimes read by letters. |
|
tl |
teelusikallinen |
teaspoonful |
5 ml. |
|
tms. |
tai muuta sellaista |
or things like that |
|
|
tn |
tonni |
(metric) ton |
|
|
to |
torstai(na) |
(on) Thursday |
|
|
toht. |
tohtori |
doctor |
Academic degree. |
|
toim. |
toimittanut; toimittaja |
edited by; editor |
|
|
tri |
tohtori |
doctor |
Academic degree. |
|
ts. |
toisin sanoen |
in other words |
|
|
tuh. |
tuhat(ta) |
thousand(s) |
|
|
tuom. |
tuomari |
judge |
|
|
tus |
tusina(a) |
dozen(s) |
|
|
tv ∼ TV |
televisio |
television |
Usually read by letters. |
|
us. |
usein |
often |
|
|
v |
vuosi, vuotta |
year(s) |
As unit of time. |
|
v. |
vuosi, vuonna |
(in) year |
E.g. as “v. 2015”. |
|
va. |
väliaikainen |
temporary |
|
|
vars. |
varsinkin; varsinainen |
especially; ordinary |
|
|
vas. |
vasen, vasemmalla; vasemmistoliittolainen |
(on the) left; member of Vasemmistoliitto (Left Alliance) |
|
|
vast. |
vastaus; vastaavasti |
answer; respectively |
|
|
vihr. |
vihreä |
member of Vihreät (the Green Party) |
When indicating affiliations to political parties. |
|
viim. |
viimeinen |
last |
|
|
vk ∼ vko |
viikko |
week |
|
|
vk. |
viime kuun |
last month |
|
|
vm. |
viimeksi mainittu; vuosimalli |
the last mentioned; annual model |
|
|
Vp. |
vastausta pyydetään |
a reply is requested |
R.S.V.P. |
|
vrk |
vuorokausi |
day |
As unit of time. |
|
vrt. |
vertaa |
compare |
|
|
vs. |
viransijainen; vastaan |
deputy; versus |
|
|
vsk. |
vuosikerta |
annual volyme |
|
|
vt. |
virkaatekevä |
acting |
|
|
vv. |
virkavapaa |
on leave (from office) |
|
|
wc ∼ WC |
vee see (water closet) |
toilet |
Read by letters. |
|
yhd. |
yhdistys |
association |
|
|
yht. |
yhteensä; yhteinen |
in total; joint, shared |
|
|
yl. |
yleensä; yleinen, yleisesti |
usually; common(ly) |
|
|
ym. |
ynnä muuta |
and others |
Sometimes read by letters. |
|
yms. |
ynnä muuta sellaista |
and others like that |
|
|
yo |
ylioppilas |
student |
|
|
yo. |
ylioppilas; ylläoleva |
student; the above |
|
|
ÄO ∼ äo |
älykkyysosamäärä |
Intelligence Quotient |
Often read by letters. |